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Monensin Solution (1,000X) Monensin Solution (1,000X)

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420701 1 mL NOK446
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Description

Monensin is a protein transport inhibitor commonly used to enhance intracellular cytokine staining signals by blocking transport processes during cell activation. Especially useful for the intracellular staining of cytokines, monensin leads to the accumulation of most cytokines at the Golgi Complex/Endoplasmic Reticulum (see Jung, et al., 1993). Optimal conditions for use are cell type and time-dependent. Typically, protein transport inhibitors are included during in vitro cell activation cultures for 4-24 hours prior to harvest (see references below for additional information). Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1,000X solution, which should be diluted to 1X in cell culture medium.

Product Details
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)

Product Details

Formulation
Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1000X working solution in 70% Ethanol. Dilute to 1X in cell culture medium.
Concentration
2.0 mM
Storage & Handling
Store the solution between 2°C and 8°C. Monensin is known to be toxic; avoid direct body contact. Ethanol is flammable; keep away from sources of fire.
Application

ICFC - Quality tested
Recommended Usage

Dilute the 1000X solution to 1X in the tissue culture medium. It is recommended that cells are cultured with monensin for ≤ 24 hours, as this can become toxic for cell viability.

Application References
  1. Smeltz RB. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:4786.
  2. Fuse S, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:5227.
  3. Durkin ET,et al. 2008. Blood 10:1182.PubMed
  4. Durkin ET, et al. 2008. Blood 112:5245. PubMed
  5. Liu XS, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:51. PubMed
  6. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  7. Yang M, et al. 2010. J. Immuonl. 184:3321. PubMed
  8. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  9. Wood MW, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  10. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  11. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J. Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  12. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  13. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  14. Bunse CE, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
Product Citations
  1. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  2. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  3. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  4. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  5. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  6. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  7. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  8. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  9. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  10. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  11. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  12. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  13. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  14. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  15. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  16. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  17. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  18. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  19. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  20. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  21. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  22. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  23. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  24. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  25. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  26. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  27. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  28. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  29. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  30. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  31. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  32. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  33. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  34. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  35. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  36. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  37. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  38. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  39. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  40. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  41. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  42. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
  43. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  44. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
  45. Geisness AC, et al. 2021. Haematologica. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  46. Douthwaite J, et al. 2017. J Immunol. 198(1):528-537. PubMed
  47. Meyer C, Key P 2017. Imm Inflam Dis. 10.1002/iid3.156. PubMed
  48. Montes de Oca M, et al. 2020. PLoS Pathog. 16:e1008994. PubMed
  49. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  50. Park HB, et al. 2020. Oncoimmunology. 9:1772663. PubMed
  51. Ries M, et al. 2017. PLoS Pathog. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006506. PubMed
  52. Steinbuck MP, et al. 2021. Sci Adv. 7: . PubMed
  53. Acharya A, et al. 2020. J Virol. 95:e01657. PubMed
  54. Uddin MN, et al. 2022. Brain Behav Immun Health. 26:100563. PubMed
  55. Shenoy AT, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5834. PubMed
  56. Imani J, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:. PubMed
  57. Elliott PR, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 37:109777. PubMed
  58. Bunting MD, et al. 2022. Sci Adv. 8:eabk3327. PubMed
  59. Takushi SE, et al. 2020. Hum Gene Ther. 31:626. PubMed
  60. Gross C, et al. 2016. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 3: e289. PubMed
  61. Ren Y, et al. 2022. J Immunother Cancer. 10:. PubMed
  62. Orlov M, et al. 2017. PLoS One.. 10.1371/journal.pone.018296. PubMed
  63. Mittal P, et al. 2020. Cancers (Basel). :12. PubMed
  64. Vacaflores A, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 11: 0157175. PubMed
  65. Johnson AM, et al. 2020. J Immunol. 204:2295. PubMed
  66. Sendler M, et al. 2020. Gastroenterology. 158:253. PubMed
  67. Huang RS, et al. 2021. Curr Protoc. 1:e246. PubMed
  68. Nice T, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 12: 1005684. PubMed
  69. Ngwenyama N, et al. 2019. JCI Insight. 4:e125527. PubMed
  70. Chen YF, et al. 2019. J Biomed Sci. 26:85. PubMed
  71. Krishnan A, et al. 2020. Am J Pathol. 190:1284. PubMed
  72. Liu X, et al. 2009. J Immunol. 183:51:00. PubMed
  73. Gladow N, et al. 2020. PLoS One. 15:e0227734. PubMed
  74. de Picciotto S, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:3866. PubMed
  75. Shafer S, et al. 2021. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 148:256. PubMed
  76. Teh MR, et al. 2021. Front Immunol. 12:714613. PubMed
  77. Loeuillard E, et al. 2020. J Clin Invest. 130:5380. PubMed
  78. Ren Y, et al. 2015. Biochim Biophys Acta. Available online 14 August 2015. PubMed
  79. Mandour MF, et al. 2020. Infect Agent Cancer. 15:30. PubMed
  80. Wood M, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  81. Dimeloe S, et al. 2016. J Immunol. 196: 106 - 114. PubMed
  82. Bunse C, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
  83. Sabag B, et al. 2022. Cancers (Basel). 14:. PubMed
  84. FitzPatrick MEB, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 34:108661. PubMed
  85. Liu X, et al. 2020. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 12:1758835920910347. PubMed
  86. Burger ML, et al. 2021. Cell. 184:4996. PubMed
  87. Landi A, et al. 2017. Vaccine.. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.072. PubMed
  88. Mackroth M, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12:e1005909. PubMed
  89. Seenappa LM, et al. 2022. NPJ Vaccines. 7:128. PubMed
  90. Bonavita E, et al. 2020. Immunity. 1215:53. PubMed
  91. Krishna B, et al. 2016. Sci Rep. 6: 24674. PubMed
  92. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  93. Spiljar M, et al. 2021. Cell Metab. 33:2231. PubMed
  94. Ruland C, et al. 2017. Brain Behav Immun. 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.010. PubMed
  95. Schridde A, et al. 2017. Mucosal Immunol. 10.1038/mi.2016.142. PubMed
  96. Kumar S, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:e145228. PubMed
  97. Fujiwara Y, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5857. PubMed
  98. Laczkó D, et al. 2020. Immunity. 53:724. PubMed
  99. Marvin S, et al. 2017. J Virol. 10.1128/JVI.01417-16. PubMed
  100. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  101. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  102. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  103. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  104. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  105. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  106. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  107. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  108. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  109. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  110. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  111. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  112. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  113. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  114. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  115. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  116. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  117. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  118. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  119. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  120. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  121. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  122. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  123. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  124. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  125. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  126. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  127. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  128. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  129. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  130. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  131. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  132. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  133. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  134. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  135. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  136. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  137. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  138. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  139. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  140. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  141. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
  142. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  143. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
  144. Geisness AC, et al. 2021. Haematologica. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  145. Douthwaite J, et al. 2017. J Immunol. 198(1):528-537. PubMed
  146. Meyer C, Key P 2017. Imm Inflam Dis. 10.1002/iid3.156. PubMed
  147. Montes de Oca M, et al. 2020. PLoS Pathog. 16:e1008994. PubMed
  148. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  149. Park HB, et al. 2020. Oncoimmunology. 9:1772663. PubMed
  150. Ries M, et al. 2017. PLoS Pathog. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006506. PubMed
  151. Steinbuck MP, et al. 2021. Sci Adv. 7: . PubMed
  152. Acharya A, et al. 2020. J Virol. 95:e01657. PubMed
  153. Uddin MN, et al. 2022. Brain Behav Immun Health. 26:100563. PubMed
  154. Shenoy AT, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5834. PubMed
  155. Imani J, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:. PubMed
  156. Elliott PR, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 37:109777. PubMed
  157. Bunting MD, et al. 2022. Sci Adv. 8:eabk3327. PubMed
  158. Takushi SE, et al. 2020. Hum Gene Ther. 31:626. PubMed
  159. Gross C, et al. 2016. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 3: e289. PubMed
  160. Ren Y, et al. 2022. J Immunother Cancer. 10:. PubMed
  161. Orlov M, et al. 2017. PLoS One.. 10.1371/journal.pone.018296. PubMed
  162. Mittal P, et al. 2020. Cancers (Basel). :12. PubMed
  163. Vacaflores A, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 11: 0157175. PubMed
  164. Johnson AM, et al. 2020. J Immunol. 204:2295. PubMed
  165. Sendler M, et al. 2020. Gastroenterology. 158:253. PubMed
  166. Huang RS, et al. 2021. Curr Protoc. 1:e246. PubMed
  167. Nice T, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 12: 1005684. PubMed
  168. Ngwenyama N, et al. 2019. JCI Insight. 4:e125527. PubMed
  169. Chen YF, et al. 2019. J Biomed Sci. 26:85. PubMed
  170. Krishnan A, et al. 2020. Am J Pathol. 190:1284. PubMed
  171. Liu X, et al. 2009. J Immunol. 183:51:00. PubMed
  172. Gladow N, et al. 2020. PLoS One. 15:e0227734. PubMed
  173. de Picciotto S, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:3866. PubMed
  174. Shafer S, et al. 2021. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 148:256. PubMed
  175. Teh MR, et al. 2021. Front Immunol. 12:714613. PubMed
  176. Loeuillard E, et al. 2020. J Clin Invest. 130:5380. PubMed
  177. Ren Y, et al. 2015. Biochim Biophys Acta. Available online 14 August 2015. PubMed
  178. Mandour MF, et al. 2020. Infect Agent Cancer. 15:30. PubMed
  179. Wood M, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  180. Dimeloe S, et al. 2016. J Immunol. 196: 106 - 114. PubMed
  181. Bunse C, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
  182. Sabag B, et al. 2022. Cancers (Basel). 14:. PubMed
  183. FitzPatrick MEB, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 34:108661. PubMed
  184. Liu X, et al. 2020. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 12:1758835920910347. PubMed
  185. Burger ML, et al. 2021. Cell. 184:4996. PubMed
  186. Landi A, et al. 2017. Vaccine.. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.072. PubMed
  187. Mackroth M, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12:e1005909. PubMed
  188. Seenappa LM, et al. 2022. NPJ Vaccines. 7:128. PubMed
  189. Bonavita E, et al. 2020. Immunity. 1215:53. PubMed
  190. Krishna B, et al. 2016. Sci Rep. 6: 24674. PubMed
  191. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  192. Spiljar M, et al. 2021. Cell Metab. 33:2231. PubMed
  193. Ruland C, et al. 2017. Brain Behav Immun. 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.010. PubMed
  194. Schridde A, et al. 2017. Mucosal Immunol. 10.1038/mi.2016.142. PubMed
  195. Kumar S, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:e145228. PubMed
  196. Fujiwara Y, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5857. PubMed
  197. Laczkó D, et al. 2020. Immunity. 53:724. PubMed
  198. Marvin S, et al. 2017. J Virol. 10.1128/JVI.01417-16. PubMed

Antigen Details

Antigen References

1. Current Protocols in Immunology (John Wiley & Sons New York) Unit 6.24 Detection of Intracellular Cytokines by Flow Cytometry (Barbara Foster and Calman Prussin NIAID NIH Bethesda MD).
2. Sander B, et al. 1991. Immunol. Rev. 119:65.
3. Sander B, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 166:201.
4. Prussin C, et al. 1995. J. Immunol. Meth. 188:117.
5. Jung T, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 159:197.

Gene ID
NA

Related FAQs

How do I choose monensin or Brefeldin A solution?

Generally, Brefeldin A is more toxic for longer term incubations, so for shorter stimulations (6 hrs or less) use Brefeldin A.  For longer stimulations use monensin.  We recommend optimization for each cell type and protocol.

Go To Top Version: 1    Revision Date: 11.30.2012

For Research Use Only. Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

 

This product is supplied subject to the terms and conditions, including the limited license, located at www.biolegend.com/terms) ("Terms") and may be used only as provided in the Terms. Without limiting the foregoing, BioLegend products may not be used for any Commercial Purpose as defined in the Terms, resold in any form, used in manufacturing, or reverse engineered, sequenced, or otherwise studied or used to learn its design or composition without express written approval of BioLegend. Regardless of the information given in this document, user is solely responsible for determining any license requirements necessary for user’s intended use and assumes all risk and liability arising from use of the product. BioLegend is not responsible for patent infringement or any other risks or liabilities whatsoever resulting from the use of its products.

 

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Pricing & Availability
Regulatory Status
RUO
Ave. Rating
Submit a Review
Product Citations
publications
Cat # Size Price Quantity Check Availability Save
420701 1 mL NOK446
Check Availability


Need larger quantities of this item?
Request Bulk Quote
Description

Monensin is a protein transport inhibitor commonly used to enhance intracellular cytokine staining signals by blocking transport processes during cell activation. Especially useful for the intracellular staining of cytokines, monensin leads to the accumulation of most cytokines at the Golgi Complex/Endoplasmic Reticulum (see Jung, et al., 1993). Optimal conditions for use are cell type and time-dependent. Typically, protein transport inhibitors are included during in vitro cell activation cultures for 4-24 hours prior to harvest (see references below for additional information). Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1,000X solution, which should be diluted to 1X in cell culture medium.

Product Details
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)

Product Details

Formulation
Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1000X working solution in 70% Ethanol. Dilute to 1X in cell culture medium.
Concentration
2.0 mM
Storage & Handling
Store the solution between 2°C and 8°C. Monensin is known to be toxic; avoid direct body contact. Ethanol is flammable; keep away from sources of fire.
Application

ICFC - Quality tested
Recommended Usage

Dilute the 1000X solution to 1X in the tissue culture medium. It is recommended that cells are cultured with monensin for ≤ 24 hours, as this can become toxic for cell viability.

Application References
  1. Smeltz RB. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:4786.
  2. Fuse S, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:5227.
  3. Durkin ET,et al. 2008. Blood 10:1182.PubMed
  4. Durkin ET, et al. 2008. Blood 112:5245. PubMed
  5. Liu XS, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:51. PubMed
  6. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  7. Yang M, et al. 2010. J. Immuonl. 184:3321. PubMed
  8. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  9. Wood MW, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  10. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  11. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J. Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  12. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  13. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  14. Bunse CE, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
Product Citations
  1. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  2. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  3. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  4. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  5. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  6. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  7. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  8. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  9. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  10. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  11. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  12. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  13. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  14. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  15. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  16. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  17. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  18. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  19. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  20. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  21. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  22. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  23. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  24. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  25. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  26. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  27. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  28. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  29. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  30. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  31. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  32. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  33. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  34. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  35. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  36. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  37. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  38. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  39. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  40. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  41. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  42. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
  43. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  44. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
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Antigen Details

Antigen References

1. Current Protocols in Immunology (John Wiley & Sons New York) Unit 6.24 Detection of Intracellular Cytokines by Flow Cytometry (Barbara Foster and Calman Prussin NIAID NIH Bethesda MD).
2. Sander B, et al. 1991. Immunol. Rev. 119:65.
3. Sander B, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 166:201.
4. Prussin C, et al. 1995. J. Immunol. Meth. 188:117.
5. Jung T, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 159:197.

Gene ID
NA

Related FAQs

How do I choose monensin or Brefeldin A solution?

Generally, Brefeldin A is more toxic for longer term incubations, so for shorter stimulations (6 hrs or less) use Brefeldin A.  For longer stimulations use monensin.  We recommend optimization for each cell type and protocol.

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